Blepharospasm is a neurologic movement disorder characterized by involuntary blinking or spasms of the eyelid muscles. These spasms are caused by abnormal signaling in the nerves that control the muscles around the eyes.
Symptoms may begin as increased blinking or mild twitching but can progress to stronger spasms that interfere with normal vision and daily activities.
Botulinum toxin injections are considered the first-line treatment for blepharospasm. The medication works by temporarily relaxing the muscles responsible for the abnormal contractions. When injected into specific muscles around the eyes, it helps reduce the frequency and severity of eyelid spasms.
Treatment is performed in the office and typically takes only a few minutes. Small amounts of medication are injected into targeted muscles around the eyelids and surrounding facial areas.
Most patients begin noticing improvement within 3–7 days, with the full effect developing over the following one to two weeks. The benefits typically last about 3–4 months, after which repeat treatment can maintain symptom control.
Because blepharospasm patterns vary from patient to patient, injection placement is individualized to target the muscles contributing most to the spasms.
Common Symptoms
Involuntary eyelid twitching
Excessive blinking
Difficulty keeping the eyes open
Eye fatigue or irritation
Spasms that worsen with stress, fatigue, or bright light
Treatment Areas
Botulinum toxin injections may be placed in muscles around the eyes such as:
Orbicularis oculi
Brow muscles affecting eyelid closure
Other surrounding muscles depending on spasm pattern
Duration
Appointment time: ~10–15 minutes
Onset of improvement: 3–7 days
Duration of effect: ~3–4 months